ipa3 (Selleck Chemicals)

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Selleck Chemicals ipa3

GNAQ- and GNA11-mutant uveal melanoma cells are sensitive to PAK inhibitors. ( A ). The indicated concentrations of a pan-PAK inhibitor PF3758309 were added to the cultures of 92.1, Mel202 and MP41 uveal melanoma cells. Five days later, cell numbers were compared using the methylene blue staining and extraction method. The values for each cell line were normalized to those in the respective control cultures. Error bars denote standard deviations of quadruplicates. ( B ). 92.1, Mel202 and MP41 uveal melanoma cells were treated with a group I PAK inhibitor <t>IPA3</t> and the results were analyzed as in A. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are shown.

Ipa3, supplied by Selleck Chemicals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 56 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/ipa3/IPA-3/pmc12564536-50-0-4
Average 94 stars, based on 56 article reviews

ipa3 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09

94/100 stars

Images

1) Product Images from "Inhibition of the RAC/PAK Signaling Axis Enhances the Potency of MAPK Cascade Inhibitors Against Uveal Melanoma"

Article Title: Inhibition of the RAC/PAK Signaling Axis Enhances the Potency of MAPK Cascade Inhibitors Against Uveal Melanoma

Journal: Biomolecules

doi: 10.3390/biom15101425

Figure Legend Snippet: GNAQ- and GNA11-mutant uveal melanoma cells are sensitive to PAK inhibitors. ( A ). The indicated concentrations of a pan-PAK inhibitor PF3758309 were added to the cultures of 92.1, Mel202 and MP41 uveal melanoma cells. Five days later, cell numbers were compared using the methylene blue staining and extraction method. The values for each cell line were normalized to those in the respective control cultures. Error bars denote standard deviations of quadruplicates. ( B ). 92.1, Mel202 and MP41 uveal melanoma cells were treated with a group I PAK inhibitor IPA3 and the results were analyzed as in A. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are shown.

Techniques Used: Mutagenesis, Staining, Extraction, Control

MEK inhibitors and PAK inhibitors synergistically suppress uveal melanoma cells. ( A ). 92.1 cells treated with MEKi selumetinib (30 nM), PAKi PF3758309 (4 nM), or the corresponding vehicle (DMSO) control were fixed and visualized by methylene blue staining. ( B – G ). Bliss synergy scores for various MEKi/PAKi combinations in uveal melanoma cell lines. ( B ). 92.1 treated with MEKi selumetinib and PAKi PF3758309. ( C ). 92.1 treated with MEKi selumetinib and PAKi IPA3. ( D ). 92.1 treated with MEKi binimetinib and PAKi IPA3. ( E ). 92.1 treated with MEKi mirdametinib and PAKi IPA3. ( F ). MP41 treated with MEKi binimetinib and PAKi IPA3. ( G ). MP41 treated with MEKi selumetinib and PAKi IPA3. All cultures were analyzed 5 days after the addition of the indicated compounds. Relative survival in ( B – G ) was measured using methylene blue staining and extraction method. Each condition was tested in quadruplicate. SynergyFinder was used to calculate Bliss synergy scores with p -values for each experiment. “SEL”—selumetinib, “BIN”—binimetinib, “MIR”—mirdametinib, “PF”—PF3758309, “IPA”—IPA3.

Figure Legend Snippet: MEK inhibitors and PAK inhibitors synergistically suppress uveal melanoma cells. ( A ). 92.1 cells treated with MEKi selumetinib (30 nM), PAKi PF3758309 (4 nM), or the corresponding vehicle (DMSO) control were fixed and visualized by methylene blue staining. ( B – G ). Bliss synergy scores for various MEKi/PAKi combinations in uveal melanoma cell lines. ( B ). 92.1 treated with MEKi selumetinib and PAKi PF3758309. ( C ). 92.1 treated with MEKi selumetinib and PAKi IPA3. ( D ). 92.1 treated with MEKi binimetinib and PAKi IPA3. ( E ). 92.1 treated with MEKi mirdametinib and PAKi IPA3. ( F ). MP41 treated with MEKi binimetinib and PAKi IPA3. ( G ). MP41 treated with MEKi selumetinib and PAKi IPA3. All cultures were analyzed 5 days after the addition of the indicated compounds. Relative survival in ( B – G ) was measured using methylene blue staining and extraction method. Each condition was tested in quadruplicate. SynergyFinder was used to calculate Bliss synergy scores with p -values for each experiment. “SEL”—selumetinib, “BIN”—binimetinib, “MIR”—mirdametinib, “PF”—PF3758309, “IPA”—IPA3.

Techniques Used: Control, Staining, Extraction

Inhibitors of PAK and IMPDH augment MEK inhibitor selumetinib in suppressing the signaling of the MAPK cascade. ( A ). Lysates of 92.1 cells treated for 72 h with selumetinib (30 nM; “SEL”), PF3758309 (4 nM; “PF”) or their combination (“Combo”) were compared to those of untreated control cultures (“UT”; exposed to the vehicle only) by probing with the antibodies for phosphorylated ERK (top), total ERK (middle) and β-actin (bottom). ( B ). Lysates of 92.1 cells treated for 72 h with selumetinib (30 nM; “SEL”), IPA3 (4 µM), or their combination (“Combo”) were analyzed as in A. ( C ). Lysates of 92.1 cells treated for 72 h with selumetinib (30 nM; “SEL”), ribavirin (10 µM; “RBV”) or their combination (“Combo”) were analyzed as in A. ( D ). Three independent experiments performed as in A were analyzed quantitatively, and the intensity of the pERK band was normalized to that of β-actin in each sample. The resulting values from each experiment were further normalized to those in parallel untreated controls. The bars represent averages and the error bars—standard deviations of the three experiments. ( E ). Three independent experiments were performed as in B and analyzed as in D. ( F ). Three independent experiments were performed as in C and analyzed as in D. “*” denotes p < 0.05. “**” denotes p < 0.01. The original Western Blotting images are in the .

Figure Legend Snippet: Inhibitors of PAK and IMPDH augment MEK inhibitor selumetinib in suppressing the signaling of the MAPK cascade. ( A ). Lysates of 92.1 cells treated for 72 h with selumetinib (30 nM; “SEL”), PF3758309 (4 nM; “PF”) or their combination (“Combo”) were compared to those of untreated control cultures (“UT”; exposed to the vehicle only) by probing with the antibodies for phosphorylated ERK (top), total ERK (middle) and β-actin (bottom). ( B ). Lysates of 92.1 cells treated for 72 h with selumetinib (30 nM; “SEL”), IPA3 (4 µM), or their combination (“Combo”) were analyzed as in A. ( C ). Lysates of 92.1 cells treated for 72 h with selumetinib (30 nM; “SEL”), ribavirin (10 µM; “RBV”) or their combination (“Combo”) were analyzed as in A. ( D ). Three independent experiments performed as in A were analyzed quantitatively, and the intensity of the pERK band was normalized to that of β-actin in each sample. The resulting values from each experiment were further normalized to those in parallel untreated controls. The bars represent averages and the error bars—standard deviations of the three experiments. ( E ). Three independent experiments were performed as in B and analyzed as in D. ( F ). Three independent experiments were performed as in C and analyzed as in D. “*” denotes p < 0.05. “**” denotes p < 0.01. The original Western Blotting images are in the .

Techniques Used: Control, Western Blot

Mutagenesis:

Article Title: Inhibition of the RAC/PAK Signaling Axis Enhances the Potency of MAPK Cascade Inhibitors Against Uveal Melanoma
Article Snippet: Mizoribine was purchased from Selleckchem (S1384) and Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (23128).Mizoribine was purchased from Selleckchem (S1384) and Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (23128).. IPA3 was purchased from Selleckchem (S7093) and Cayman Chemical (4759).. PF3758309 was purchased from Selleckchem (S7904).PF3758309 was purchased from Selleckchem (S7904).

Article Title: High extracellular glucose promotes cell motility by modulating cell deformability and contractility via the cAMP-RhoA-ROCK axis in human breast cancer cells
Article Snippet: The osmolarity in low glucose media was maintained by complementing D-mannitol (GIBCO) to the culture medium to make 25 mM in total.The osmolarity in low glucose media was maintained by complementing D-mannitol (GIBCO) to the culture medium to make 25 mM in total.. Pharmacological inhibitors and activators were purchased from commercial vendors as following: Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y27632 (Selleck Chemicals, S6390), myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) inhibitor, ML-7 (Selleck Chemicals, S8388), glycolysis inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) (Sigma-Aldrich, D8375), p21activated kinase 1 (PAK1) inhibitor, IPA3 (Selleck Chemicals, S7093), Rho activator II, CN03 (Cytoskeleton, CN03), adenyl cyclase activator, Forskolin (Selleck Chemicals, S2449), and cAMP Analog, 8-Br-cAMP (Selleck Chemicals, S7857).. Cells were treated with 2DG at 25 mM, 8-Br-cAMP at 100 μM, and all other drugs at 10 μM for indicated time.Cells were treated with 2DG at 25 mM, 8-Br-cAMP at 100 μM, and all other drugs at 10 μM for indicated time.

Article Title: Activation of CD44/PAK1/AKT signaling promotes resistance to FGFR1 inhibition in squamous-cell lung cancer
Article Snippet: AZD4547, AZD5363, BGJ398, FRAX597 and IPA3 were purchased from Selleckchem, USA.. For the MTS cell-viability assay, cell lines were seeded at appropriate density in 96-well plates for 24 h and then treated with either DMSO or inhibitor for 96 h in 5% CO 2 at 37 °C.For the MTS cell-viability assay, cell lines were seeded at appropriate density in 96-well plates for 24 h and then treated with either DMSO or inhibitor for 96 h in 5% CO 2 at 37 °C.

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: Cytochalasin D (CytoD) and 412 genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).Cytochalasin D (CytoD) and 412 genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, 413 PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, IPA3, LY294002, CCG-1423 and Thiazovivin, were 414 purchased from Selleck (Houston, Texas, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic 415 concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic 415 concentration.

Article Title: The role of PAK1 in the sensitivity of kidney epithelial cells to ischemia-like conditions
Article Snippet: The viral constructs were used as reported elsewhere [ 55 ].The viral constructs were used as reported elsewhere [ 55 ].. Trimetazidine, Aprepitant, U0126, IPA3 and AZD6244 were obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA).. L-733060 was from Tocris (Bristol, UK), PF3758309 was purchased from ChemieTek (Indianapolis, IN, USA).L-733060 was from Tocris (Bristol, UK), PF3758309 was purchased from ChemieTek (Indianapolis, IN, USA).

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Article Title: P21-Activated Kinase 1 Regulates Resistance to BRAF Inhibition in Human Cancer Cells
Article Snippet: Vemurafenib was obtained from LC Laboratories.Vemurafenib was obtained from LC Laboratories.. IPA3 and AZD6244 were obtained from Selleck Chemicals.. Vectors and viral transduction Lentiviral vector pLM-CMV-neo and its derivative pLM-CMV-mAKT-neo (expressing a myristoylated form of mouse Akt1) were gifts of Dr. Peter Chumakov. pBabe-PAK1-T423E was constructed by introducing PAK1 T423 coding fragment from pCMV6M-PAK1-T423E (a gift of Dr. Jonathan Chernoff, procured as Addgene plasmid #12208) into pBabeHygro [ 42 ]. pLX304 was a gift from Dr. David Root (procured as Addgene plasmid #25890). pLX304-RAC1-P29S was generated by PCR-based mutagenesis from pLX304-RAC1 (purchased from DNASU Plasmid Repository).Vectors and viral transduction Lentiviral vector pLM-CMV-neo and its derivative pLM-CMV-mAKT-neo (expressing a myristoylated form of mouse Akt1) were gifts of Dr. Peter Chumakov. pBabe-PAK1-T423E was constructed by introducing PAK1 T423 coding fragment from pCMV6M-PAK1-T423E (a gift of Dr. Jonathan Chernoff, procured as Addgene plasmid #12208) into pBabeHygro [ 42 ]. pLX304 was a gift from Dr. David Root (procured as Addgene plasmid..

Staining:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Extraction:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Control:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Western Blot:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Activity Assay:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Pull Down Assay:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Quantitation Assay:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Confocal Microscopy:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Concentration Assay:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Fluorescence:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Comparison:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Knockdown:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Expressing:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Activation Assay:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Inhibition:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Incubation:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Immunohistochemical staining:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Phospho-proteomics:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Standard Deviation:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Infection:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Blocking Assay:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Transduction:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Plasmid Preparation:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

shRNA:

Article Title: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Activation of the Integrin α5β1-FAK-Cofilin Pathway Causes Cytoskeletal Rearrangement To Promote Its Invasion of N2a Cells
Article Snippet: CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).CytoD and genistein were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis MO, USA).. All specific inhibitors, ATN-161, PF-573228, PP2, EHoP-016, ML-141, and IPA3 were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).. All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.All inhibitors were used at a noncytotoxic concentration.

Review